Browsing by Author "Desaules, Jean-Yves"

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    Driving quantum many-body scars in the PXP model
    Hudomal, Ana; Desaules, Jean-Yves; Mukherjee, Bhaskar; Su, Guo-Xian; Halimeh, Jad C.; Papić, Zlatko
    Periodic driving has been established as a powerful technique for engineering novel phases of matter and intrinsically out-of-equilibrium phenomena such as time crystals. Recent paper by Bluvstein et al. [Science 371, 1355 (2021)0036-807510.1126/science.abg2530] has demonstrated that periodic driving can also lead to a significant enhancement of quantum many-body scarring, whereby certain nonintegrable systems can display persistent quantum revivals from special initial states. Nevertheless, the mechanisms behind driving-induced scar enhancement remain poorly understood. Here we report a detailed study of the effect of periodic driving on the PXP model describing Rydberg atoms in the presence of a strong Rydberg blockade - the canonical static model of quantum many-body scarring. We show that periodic modulation of the chemical potential gives rise to a rich phase diagram, with at least two distinct types of scarring regimes that we distinguish by examining their Floquet spectra. We formulate a toy model, based on a sequence of square pulses, that accurately captures the details of the scarred dynamics and allows for analytical treatment in the large-amplitude and high-frequency driving regimes. Finally, we point out that driving with a spatially inhomogeneous chemical potential allows to stabilize quantum revivals from arbitrary initial states in the PXP model, via a mechanism similar to prethermalization.
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    Observation of many-body scarring in a Bose-Hubbard quantum simulator
    Su, Guo-Xian; Sun, Hui; Hudomal, Ana; Desaules, Jean-Yves; Zhou, Zhao-Yu; Yang, Bing; Halimeh, Jad C.; Yuan, Zhen-Sheng; Papić, Zlatko; Pan, Jian-Wei
    The ongoing quest for understanding nonequilibrium dynamics of complex quantum systems underpins the foundation of statistical physics as well as the development of quantum technology. Quantum many-body scarring has recently opened a window into novel mechanisms for delaying the onset of thermalization by preparing the system in special initial states, such as the Z2 state in a Rydberg atom system. Here we realize many-body scarring in a Bose-Hubbard quantum simulator from previously unknown initial conditions such as the unit-filling state. We develop a quantum-interference protocol for measuring the entanglement entropy and demonstrate that scarring traps the many-body system in a low-entropy subspace. Our work makes the resource of scarring accessible to a broad class of ultracold-atom experiments, and it allows one to explore the relation of scarring to constrained dynamics in lattice gauge theories, Hilbert space fragmentation, and disorder-free localization.
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    Prominent quantum many-body scars in a truncated Schwinger model
    Desaules, Jean-Yves; Hudomal, Ana; Banerjee, Debasish; Sen, Arnab; Papić, Zlatko; Halimeh, Jad C.
    The high level of control and precision achievable in current synthetic quantum matter setups has enabled first attempts at quantum-simulating various intriguing phenomena in condensed matter physics, including those probing thermalization or its absence in closed quantum systems. In the companion Letter to this article [J.-Y.Desaules et al., Phys. Rev. B 107, L201105 (2023)], we have shown that quantum many-body scars, special low entropy eigenstates that weakly break ergodicity in nonintegrable systems, arise in spin-S quantum link models that converge to (1 + 1)-dimensional lattice quantum electrodynamics (Schwinger model) in the Kogut-Susskindlimit S → ∞. In this work, we further demonstrate that quantum many-body scars exist in a truncated version of the Schwinger model, and are qualitatively more prominent than their counterparts in spin-S quantum link models. We illustrate this by, among other things, performing a finite-S scaling analysis that strongly suggests that scarring persists in the truncated Schwinger model in the limit S → ∞. Although it does not asymptotically converge to the Schwinger model, the truncated formulation is relevant to synthetic quantum matter experiments, and also provides fundamental insight into the nature of quantum many-body scars, their connection to lattice gauge theories, and the thermalization dynamics of the latter. Our conclusions can be readily tested in current cold-atom setups.
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    Proposal for Realizing Quantum Scars in the Tilted 1D Fermi-Hubbard Model
    Desaules, Jean-Yves; Hudomal, Ana; Turner, Christopher; Papić, Zlatko
    Motivated by recent observations of ergodicity breaking due to Hilbert space fragmentation in 1D Fermi-Hubbard chains with a tilted potential [Scherg et al., arXiv:2010.12965], we show that the same system also hosts quantum many-body scars in a regime U≈Δ≫J at electronic filling factor ν=1. We numerically demonstrate that the scarring phenomenology in this model is similar to other known realizations such as Rydberg atom chains, including persistent dynamical revivals and ergodicity-breaking many-body eigenstates. At the same time, we show that the mechanism of scarring in the Fermi-Hubbard model is different from other examples in the literature: the scars originate from a subgraph, representing a free spin-1 paramagnet, which is weakly connected to the rest of the Hamiltonian's adjacency graph. Our work demonstrates that correlated fermions in tilted optical lattices provide a platform for understanding the interplay of many-body scarring and other forms of ergodicity breaking, such as localization and Hilbert space fragmentation.
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    Weak ergodicity breaking in the Schwinger model
    Desaules, Jean-Yves; Banerjee, Debasish; Hudomal, Ana; Papić, Zlatko; Sen, Arnab; Halimeh, Jad C.
    As a paradigm of weak ergodicity breaking in disorder-free nonintegrable models, quantum many-body scars (QMBS) can offer deep insights into the thermalization dynamics of gauge theories. Having been first discovered in a spin-1/2 quantum link formulation of the Schwinger model, it is a fundamental question as to whether QMBS persist for S>1/2 since such theories converge to the lattice Schwinger model in the large-S limit, which is the appropriate version of lattice QED in one spatial dimension. In this work, we address this question by exploring QMBS in spin-SU(1) quantum link models (QLMs) with staggered fermions. We find that QMBS persist at S>1/2, with the resonant scarring regime, which occurs for a zero-mass quench, arising from simple high-energy gauge-invariant initial product states. We furthermore find evidence of detuned scarring regimes, which occur for finite-mass quenches starting in the physical vacua and the charge-proliferated state. Our results conclusively show that QMBS exist in a wide class of lattice gauge theories in one spatial dimension represented by spin-SQLMs coupled to dynamical fermions, and our findings can be tested on near-term cold-atom quantum simulators of these models.